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Johns Hopkins University (JHU) continues to pad its space community résumé with their interactive map, “The map of the observable Universe”, that takes viewers on a 13.7-billion-year-old tour of the cosmos from the present to the moments after the Big Bang. While JHU is responsible for creating the site, additional contributions were made by NASA, the European Space Agency, the National Science Foundation, and the Sloan Foundation.
Thanks to Incogni for sponsoring us. Use the code coolworlds at to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan. Today we explore what could be considered a classic problem in exoplanetary science, yet one which has eluded astronomers for decades. Transit timing variations (TTVs) are seen in thousands in systems, literally wobbling worlds. Yet for the vast majority of cases, we have no solution for the culprit. Today, we present new research from our team that finds analytic expressions for the allowed solution space and reveals the startling existence of an "exoplanet edge". Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping & Daniel Yahalomi. Edited by Jorge Casas & David Kipping. Thumbnail by Helena Valenzuela Widerstrom. You can now support our research program and the Cool Worlds Lab at Columbia University: → Get merch: Check out our podcast: / @coolworldspodcast THANK-YOU to T. Widdowson, D. Smith, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, S. Brownlee, E. West, T. Zajonc, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, M. Sanford, T. Donkin, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, S. Marks, B. Smith, J. Kruger, S. Applegate, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, W. Evans, N. Corwin, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, R. Provost, G. Fullwood, N. De Haan, R. Williams, E. Garland, R. Lovely, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, S. Thayer, T. Edris, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, B. Reese, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, A. Nimmerjahn, C. Seay, D. Johnson, L. Cunningham, M. Morrow, M. Campbell, B. Devermont, Y. Muheim, A. Stark, C. Caminero, P. Borisoff, A. Donovan, H. Schiff, J. Cos, J. Oliver, B. Kite, C. Hansen, J. Shamp, R. Chaffee, A. Ortiz, B. McMillan, B. Cartmell, J. Bryant, J. Obioma, M. Zeiler, S. Murray, S. Patterson, C. Kennedy, G. Le Saint, W. Ruf, A. Kochkov, B. Langley, D. Ohman, P. Stevenson, T. Ford & T. Tarrants. REFERENCES ► Yahalomi & Kipping 2024, "The Exoplanet Edge: Planets Don't Induce Observable TTVs Faster than Half their Orbital Period", ApJ submitted: ► Yahalomi & Kipping 2024, "A Map of the Orbital Landscape for Perturbing Planet Solutions for Single-Planet Systems with TTVs", ApJ submitted: ► Holman & Murray 2005, "The Use of Transit Timing to Detect Extrasolar Planets with Masses as Small as Earth", Science, 307, 1288: ► Kipping 2021, "The Exomoon Corridor: Half of all exomoons exhibit TTV frequencies within a narrow window due to aliasing", MNRAS, 500, 1851: ► Kipping &Teachey 2020, "Impossible moons -- Transit timing effects that cannot be due to an exomoon", SerAJ, 201, 25: MUSIC Licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License or with permission from the artist. 0:00 Atlas - Waking Up 2:56 Sid Acharya - Searching for Answers 5:01 Hill - World of Wonder 6:22 Stephen Keech - Selha 12:20 Falls - Life in Binary 13:40 Hill - The Persecuted 16:53 Joachim Heinrich - Y CHAPTERS 0:00 What are TTVs? 5:01 Incogni 6:22 The Landscape of TTVs 8:41 Tidal Effects 12:20 Aliasing 14:13 Aliased Conjunctions 15:51 Big Picture 18:22 Outro & Credits #Exoplanets #Astronomy #CoolWorlds
Get Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ It’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ We often contemplate life on alien planets, but might giant moons orbiting distant immense worlds be a better candidate for where extraterrestrial life might be found? Visit the sub-reddit Visit our Website: Support us on Patreon: SFIA Merchandise available: Social Media: Facebook Group Reddit: Twitter:on Twitter and RT our future content. SFIA Discord Server: Listen or Download the audio of this episode from Soundcloud: : Episode's Audio-only version Episode's Narration-only version: Credits: Life on Giant Moons Episode 391, April 20, 2023 Written, Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur Editors: Anne Kristoffersen Briana Brownell David McFarlane Graphics by: Jeremy Jozwik Ken York Tristan3D Music Courtesy of Lombus, "Cosmic Soup" Markus Junnikkala, "We Roam the Stars" Stellardrone, "Red Giant" Miguel Johsnon, "Far From Home", "So Many Stars" Aerium, "Fifth Star of Aldebaran"ifth Star of Aldebaran"
Today I climbed into my little spaceship and flew somewhere no one has ever been before. Join me as I make the first exploration of exomoons!
Artist's impression of the view from a hypothetical moon around a exoplanet orbiting a triple star system. Credit: NASA
Artist’s impression of NASA’s Kepler spacecraft. Credit: NASA
A montage of some of the potentially-habitable moons in our Solar System. From top to bottom, left to right, these include Europa, Enceladus, TItan and Ceres. Credit: NASA/JPL
An artist’s conception of a habitable exomoon. Credit: NASA
An artist’s conception of a distance exomoon blocking out a star’s light. Credit: Dan
We’d love to find another planet like Earth. Not exactly like Earth; that’s kind of ridiculous and probably a little more science fiction than science. But what if we could find one similar enough to Earth to make us wonder? How could we find it? We progress from one planet-finding mission to the next, compiling a list of planets that may be “Earth-like” or “potentially habitable. ” Soon, we’ll have the James Webb Space Telescope and its ability to study exoplanet atmospheres for signs of life and habitability.
This infographic compares the orbit of the planet around Proxima Centauri (Proxima b) with the same region of the Solar System. Proxima Centauri is smaller and cooler than the Sun and the planet orbits much closer to its star than Mercury. As a result, it lies well within the habitable zone, where liquid water can exist on the planet’s surface. Image Credit: Palereddot.org
This artist’s impression shows the planet Proxima b orbiting the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Solar System. The double star Alpha Centauri AB also appears in the image between the planet and Proxima itself. Proxima b is a little more massive than the Earth and orbits in the habitable zone around Proxima Centauri, where the temperature is suitable for liquid water to exist on its surface. Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser
The Moon plays a big role in Earth’s habitability. The same is likely true in other solar systems. Image Credit: NASA SVS/Ernie Wright
An artist's conception of a potentially-habitable exomoon. It seems reasonable that exoplanets have exomoons, and now we're going to look for them. Credit: NASA
An artist’s illustration of Kepler-167e, a Jupiter analogue in a distant solar system. At the time of writing (10-25-2024), the JWST is observing this planet and looking for signs of an exomoon. Image Credit: NASA Eyes On Planets
In 2018, researchers presented evidence in support of an exomoon orbiting Kepler-1625b, a super Jupiter 8,200 light-years away. Subsequent research poured cold water on the moon’s existence. Image Credit: By ESA/Hubble, CC BY 4.0,
Enhanced image of Ganymede taken by the JunoCam during the mission’s flyby on June 7th, 2021. Ganymede is our Solar System’s largest moon and potentially holds a subsurface ocean. Ganymede and other moons in our Solar System are suspected of having warm, potentially life-supporting oceans under layers of ice. It seems highly likely that some exomoons will also have oceans and be potentially habitable. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS/Kalleheikki Kannisto
In the past three decades, the field of extrasolar planet studies has advanced by leaps and bounds. To date,(as of January 2022) 4,903 extrasolar planets have been confirmed in 3,677 planetary systems, with another 8,414 candidates awaiting confirmation. The diverse nature of these planets, ranging from Super-Jupiters and Super-Earths to Mini-Neptunes and Water Worlds, has raised many questions about the nature of planet formation and evolution. A rather important question is the role and commonality of natural satellites, aka. “exomoons.”
An artist’s illustration of NASA’s Kepler spacecraft. Credit: NASA/Kepler
In this short video explainer, Universe Today publisher Fraser Cain searches for the origins of the Moon; all the creative ideas that people came up with, and the established theory that most planetary geologists now agree on.
An artist’s conception of a habitable exomoon. Credit: NASA
Artist’s impression of the view from a hypothetical moon around an exoplanet orbiting a triple star system. Credit: NASA
An artist's conception of a potentially-habitable exomoon. Credit: NASA
We've found hundreds of exoplanets in the galaxy. But only a few of them have just the right combination of factors to hold life like Earth's.
The “ocean worlds” of the Solar System (left to right, top to bottom): Callisto, Europa, Ganymede, Titan, Enceladus, Dione, Triton, and Pluto Credit: NASA/JPL
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This week I was joined in a livestream with Dr. David Kipping from Columbia University. We had a great interview about his research into exomoons, what new observatories will do for this field. We also talked about his idea of the Terrascope, using the Earth's atmosphere as a lens to study the Universe. And we talked about how scientists can better use the internet to communicate directly with the public about their research. Subscribe to Dr. Kipping's YouTube Channel here: Learn more here: David Kipping's Columbia University Web Page Or follow David on Twitter here:
We Discovered a New Exomoon Candidate! A Survey of 70 Cool Gas Giants
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Exciting new result from the Cool Worlds Lab! Several years ago we started an ambitious research program to survey the sample of transiting cool, giant planets for exomoons. Our search is the first of its kind and provides one particularly interesting result - a new exomoon candidate, Kepler-1708 b-i. Today we discuss how we found this object and what it means. Written & presented by Prof David Kipping Support our research program:Get Stash here! THANK-YOU to our supporters D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday,A. Jones, S. Brownlee, G. Fulton, N. Kildal, M. Lijoi, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zanjonc, C. Wolfred, F. Rebolledo, L. Skov, E. Wilson, A. de Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, V. Alexandrov, L. Macchia, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, H. Jensen, F. Linker, J. Rockett, N. Fredrickson, B. Mlazgar, D. Holland, J. Alexander, E. Hanway, J. Molnar, D. Murphree, S. Hannum, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, F. van Exter, S. Roulier, B. Smith, P. Masterson, R. Sievers, G. Canterbury, J. Kill, J. Cassese, J. Kruger & S. Way. ::References:: ► Kipping, David et al. (2022), "An Exomoon Survey of 70 Cool Giant Exoplanets and the New Candidate Kepler-1708 b-i", Nature Astronomy: ► Teachey, Alex and Kipping, David (2018), "Evidence for a large exomoon orbiting Kepler-1625b", Science Advances: ::Music:: Music licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], or via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License or with permission from the artist, ► Indive - Ion (0:00) ► Brad Hill - Looking for the Profound (0:30) ► Chris Zabriskie - The Sun Is Scheduled To Come Out Tomorrow (06:30) ► Falls - Life in Binary (9:01) ► Brad Hill - Breathe (13:40) ► Brad Hill - Fragmented (17:17) ► Brad Hill - There is but One Good (18:48) ► Brad Hill - The Mysterious (18:48) ► Indive - Trace Correction (28:39) ::Film/TV clips used:: ► Avatar (2009) 20th Century Fox ► Ad Astra (2019) 20th Century Fox ► Sunshine (2007) Fox Searchlight Pictures ► Avengers: Endgame (2019) Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures ► Prisoners (2013) Warner Bros. Pictures ► Men in Black (1997) Sony Pictures Releasing ► Agora (2009) Fox International Pictures ► Prometheus (2012) 20th Century Fox ► The Imitation Game (2014) The Weinstein Company ► The Aviator (2004) Warner Bros. Pictures ► Prospect (2018) Gunpowder & Sky ::Chapters:: 00:00 Teaser 00:25 Exomoon Hunting 09:01 Cool Giants Survey 17:23 KIC-7906827 24:05 Kepler-1708 28:39 Outro and credits #Exomoons #Kepler1708 #CoolWorlds
Can Moons Have Moons?
After the discovery of supersized exomoon candidates, many have been wondering - can moons have moons? And could those also have moons?! Today we dive into this fun little question and learn about the limits of satellites. Written & presented by Prof David Kipping Support our research program → Get Stash here! THANK-YOU to our supporters D. Smith, M. Sloan, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, H. Jensen, J. Rockett, N. Fredrickson, D. Holland, E. Hanway, D. Murphree, S. Hannum, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, F. Van Exter, S. Roulier, B. Smith, P. Masterson, R. Sievers, G. Canterbury, J. Kill, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, T. Wheeler, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, J. Alexander, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, S. Krasner, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., I. Attard, M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, G. Genova, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, T. Mitchum, B. Reid & R. Lester. ::References:: ► Kollmeier, J. & Raymond, S. (2019), "Can Moons Have Moons?", MNRAS, 483, 80: ► Also check out Sean Raymond's excellent blog article! ::Music:: Music licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], or via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License or with permission from the artist ► Falls - Life in Binary (4:08) ► Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Four (8:50) ► Joachim Heinrich - Stjarna (12:05) ► Indive - Trace Correction (14:54) ::Film/TV clips used:: ► Sunshine (2007) Fox Searchlight Pictures ► First Man (2017) Universal Pictures ► Another Earth (2011) Fox Searchlight Pictures ► Moonfall (2022) Lionsgate ► Agora (2009) Focus Features International ► Outro clip by Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Berkeley Lab, Miguel Aragon, Mark Subbarao & Alex Szalay ::Chapters:: 00:00 Introduction 02:28 How are moons lost? 04:08 Tides 06:22 Moon Hill Spheres 07:19 Analytic Results 09:03 Iapetus 10:12 Giant exomoons 11:46 Moon moon moons 13:55 Final thoughts 14:54 Outro & credits #MoonMoons #SubMoons #CoolWorlds
Can JWST Help Find Exomoons? (feat. Dr David Kipping @CoolWorldsLab)
Fraser Cain / Universe Today Podcast If exoplanets exist, so should exomoons. However, to this day we still did not find any. Even more than that, there's a pretty big controversy regarding the potential discovery of exomoons. What's going on and what can we do about it? Finding the answers with Dr David Kipping. 👉 Dr David Kipping's channel @CoolWorldsLab 👉 Previous interview with Dr Kipping : Support us at:Support us at:🦄 Support us on Patreon 📚 Suggest books in the book club: 📚 Suggest books in the book club: 00:00:00 Intro 00:01:22 Catch-up after previous interview 00:02:25 Searching for exomoons 00:10:23 Counterarguments 00:15:34 Taking it to the next level 00:28:54 Alternative detection methods 00:37:27 Ideal time for observations 00:39:19 SETI and technosignatures 01:03:28 Science communication 01:28:23 Obsessions 01:37:17 Final thoughts and more interviews 📰 EMAIL NEWSLETTER Read by 60,000 people every Friday. Written by Fraser. No ads. Sign up to my weekly email newsletter: For Free 🚀 OTHER SOCIAL MEDIA: ════════════════════════════════════ Frasiser Cain's Twitter: Universetoday's Twitter: Facebook: Instagram: Twitch: 📩 CONTACT FRASER Contact Fraser via E-Mail ⚖️ LICENSE Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) You are free to use my work for any purpose you like, just mention me as the source and link back to this video.
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